Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small trees up to ca. 5 m tall.

Stems: Branches quadrangular, brown puberulent, but pubescence obscured by viscid exudate, the vegetative bud strap–shaped, rigid and strongly viscid–resinous, the tips becoming strongly curved and ascending.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, few, clustered toward the tips of the branches. Blades elliptic to elliptic–ovate, 2.2–10.5 cm long, 1.5–5.5 cm wide. Surfaces puberulent on midrib toward base; lower surfaces dull, glabrous except with pubescent domatia in axils of lateral veins; blades, firm–chartaceous; upper surfaces somewhat viscid, especially when young; domatia usually present in the axils of the lateral veins. Margins entire. Lateral veins 6–11 pairs. Petioles 0.2–0.7 cm long. Stipules connate into a collar 2.5–4 mm long, puberulent at base.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, terminal, flanked by 2 lateral vegetative buds, one of which is later surpassed by the flower, pedicels 3-5 mm long; hypanthium narrowly funnelform, 4-5 mm long, often costate, formed by lower part of calyx and enclosed ovary, apically lined with a shallow nectary disk. Flowers insect-pollinated, bisexual (perfect) or rarely unisexual, often heterostylous, fragrant. Calyx 4–5 lobed with open aestivation, narrowly funnelform, 5–8 mm long, sparsely puberulent, apically produced into 4–5 terminal spurs, these coriaceous, linear to obliquely linear–spatulate, 8–16 mm long and 1.2–2.5 mm wide at anthesis, puberulent. Corolla white, thick, 6(7)-lobed, the tube salverform, 15–20 mm long (when dry), 5-9-lobed, the lobes 8–18 mm long (when dry); nectary disk usually present. Stamens as many as and alternate with the corolla lobes, scarcely exserted; filaments usually inserted on the corolla tube or throat; anthers 5–6 mm long, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Pollen in tetrads. Ovary inferior, occasionally partly so, or very rarely superior, 1-celled or falsely 2-celled, placentas 2-8, parietal; ovules numerous; style 1, terminal, slender; stigmas connate or 2-lobed, dry or occasionally wet.

Fruit: Fruit green with whitish spots at maturity; subglobose or occasionally broadly ellipsoid; 2.5–3.5 cm in diameter; inconspicuously costate; pulp pale yellow.; terminated by somewhat persistent calyx spurs; pericarp hard; exocarp thin; mesocarp fibrous-coriaceous; endocarp bony; cavity filled with usually orange; yellow; or cream pulp. Seeds straw–colored; 4–5 mm long; finely pitted.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Apparently formerly a dry forest species.

Elevation Range: 350–520 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

Cultivated specimens of Gardenia brighamii flower more or less continuously. Wild populations on various island have different flowering and fruiting seasons. On O'ahu and Hawai'i, Gardenia brighamii blooms in the fall and winter, from October through December. The Maui, Moloka'i, and Lana'i populations bloom mostly in the spring, from March through May, with some additional flowering in December and July. John Obata has speculated that flowering may be triggered by rainfall. Gardenia brighamii is self-compatible and viable seed is produced by self-pollination.
The 1 to 1 1/2 inch oval to round fruit of Gardenia brighamii is green with whitish spots at maturity. The fruit inside is pale yellow containing straw-colored seeds less than 1/4 inch long. The seeds are difficult to remove from the fruit pulp. Stratton et al recommend ripening the seeds in a plastic bag. This softens the pulp making the seeds easier to clean. After ripening, the fruit flesh can be removed by either placing the fruits in a colander or strainer under running water or breaking up the fruit by hand in a bowl of water.
Best germination is obtained with fresh seeds. Koob recommends soaking the seeds overnight in water. Stratton's informants suggest 1 hour in tap water. Plant only the seeds that sink. Soaked seeds may germinate in about 4 to 5 weeks up to 3 months. Lilleeng-Rosenberger documents germination percentages ranging from 42% to 85% for soaked seed.
Seeds should be sown in a well drained mix such as 3 parts #2 perlite to 1 part Sunshine Mix #4. Lilleeng-Rosenberger's notes indicate that the seeds were sown on the surface of the moistened medium. Keep the medium moist until germination. The containers should be placed in a covered shaded area to control soil moisture and reduce damage from rain. Plants are flowering size in 3 years.
The germination rate is greatly reduced when the seeds are stored. If seeds must be stored, cleaned seeds should be air dried. They should be stored in a paper bag or envelope inside a airtight container with desiccant and kept in a cool place at about 25% relative humidity. (Koob 1999; Lilleeng-Rosenberger 1996; Mehrhoff 1993; Stratton 1998; Wagner 1990)
Gardenia brighamii can be propagated from semi-hardwood cuttings. Cuttings from actively growing plants will root the most quickly. Best rooting is obtained using a medium strength rooting hormone (e.g. 0.1% IBA and 0.05% NAA) (Koob, email) and either a mist system or a humidity chamber. Rooting takes place in 1 to 6 months. (Koob 1999)
Gardenia brighamii has been propagated by air layers by U.S. Department of Fish and Wildlife personnel on Maui. (Mehrhoff 1993)
Gardenia brighamii can be propagated by grafting. (Stratton 1998) [Data from Herring, E. C., & Criley, R. A. (2003). The Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Web Site: Developing a Webbased Information Resource. HortTechnology, 13(3), 545-548. https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/]

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation

O'ahu Endemic

Molokai Endemic

Lana'i Endemic

Maui Endemic

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Conservation Status

IUCN:Critically Endangered

Laukahi: The Hawai'i Plant Conservation Network:Species of Conservation Importance

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 171 (1867)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1132 (O, Mo, L, WM, H); PEPP 2025/Susan Ching pers. comm. 2025 (O†, 2019); PEPP 2025/Spaulding III s.n. BISH 501418 (Mo†, 1981); PEPP 2025/Forbes 2387.M BISH (M†, 1920); PEPP 2025/Carlquist 2119 RSA (H†, 1966)

Occurrences

SNo.	Scientific Name	Locality	Habitat	Basis of Record	Recorded By	Record Number	Island	Source	Date
1	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, Guinea grass & Haole koa associates	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5148	Oahu	BISH	1/27/1987
2	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 3550	Oahu	BISH	6/6/1909
3	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Aa lava flows.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	12/1/1955
4	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Along stream at bottom of pali separating E and W part of valley.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	stone, b.c.	collector number: 882	Maui	BISH	7/4/1955
5	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	native forest, wet bank	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH
6	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	10/1/1929
7	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 3547	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
8	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Montgomery, S.L.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	7/5/1971
9	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12533	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
10	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Puhielelu ridge, to S of Puu Nene, degraded Erythrina sandwicensis - Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest w/Psydrax odorata, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Planchonella sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Prosopis pallida, Leucaena leucocephala, Lantana camara, Schinus terebinthifoliuis	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	23445	Lanai	BISH	5/15/2013
11	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Styphelia, Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
12	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. spence, g.	collector number: 5786	Lanai	BISH	3/31/1976
13	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 113	Lanai	BISH	9/22/1913
14	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/24/2002
15	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
16	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 160.l	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1913
17	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest w/ Santalum ellipticum. 1 tree, Lantana under tree.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5088	Lanai	BISH	1/12/1987
18	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lorence, d.h.			CM	1/4/2002
19	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	F. R. Fosberg	12548		F	12/1/1935
20	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	F. R. Fosberg	12533		F	12/1/1935
21	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	C. N. Forbes	1		F	6/1/1912
22	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		F	9/13/1929
23	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	12533		F	12/1/1935
24	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	H. Mann & W. T. Brigham	348		F
25	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	3426		F	4/19/1928
26	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	3426		F	4/19/1928
27	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	steven perlman	perlman 14760		MO	4/19/1995
28	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	waimea arboretum	waimea arboretum s.n. #11		MO	9/15/1997
29	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		MO	9/13/1929
30	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Small gulch; dry talus slopes	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1mo.		NY	6/7/1912
31	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160l.		NY	6/7/1913
32	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	28558		NY	8/15/1963
33	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160l.		NY	6/7/1913
34	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	9193	Kauai	PTBG	3/19/2004
35	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	7629	Kauai	PTBG	2/2/1995
36	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	14760	Lanai	PTBG	4/19/1995
37	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Erythrina sandwicensis- Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23446	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/2013
38	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	1-mo	Molokai	BISH	6/1/1912
39	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Eucalyptus in Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	6345	Lanai	PTBG	8/25/1987
40	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	14761	Lanai	PTBG	4/19/1995
41	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	17715	Lanai	PTBG	10/10/2001
42	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1 mo.	Molokai	US
43	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12541	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
44	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5897	Lanai	PTBG	5/25/1987
45	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Diospyros sandwicensis - Nestegis sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23456	Lanai	PTBG	5/16/2013
46	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David Palumbo	18	Lanai	PTBG	9/23/1981
47	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina-Diospyros lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	6152	Oahu	PTBG	7/10/1987
48	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. skottsberg	6106		S	1/29/1948
49	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5088	Lanai	PTBG	1/12/1987
50	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, guinea grass and haole koa pasture.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5148	Oahu	PTBG	1/27/1987
51	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Remnant dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Hank Oppenheimer	H61603	Lanai	PTBG	6/8/2016
52	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Diospyros sandwicensis - Nestegis sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23453	Lanai	PTBG	5/16/2013
53	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener & H. Wiebke	3246		F	4/19/1928
54	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Obata, J.K.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	10/31/1979
55	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	Collector Number: H100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
56	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Russ, G.W.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1927
57	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1		F	6/8/1912
58	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lawn	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	waimea arboretum	waimea arboretum s.n. #12		IND	9/15/1997
59	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener & h. wiebke	3246		F	4/19/1928
60	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1mo.	Oahu	US	6/7/1912
61	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	h. mann jr.	348		NY
62	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Dustin Wolkis	DMW1132	Kauai	PTBG	12/20/2016
63	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	8857	Kauai	PTBG	5/10/2002
64	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	9421	Hawaii	US	9/28/2029
65	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5896	Lanai	PTBG	5/25/1987
66	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	hillebrand			S
67	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	19396	Lanai	PTBG	12/1/2004
68	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lowland dry Nestegis-Diospyros forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	K. R. Wood	340	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/1990
69	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D. H.	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
70	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	otto degener	9421		S	9/28/1929
71	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	erik wall	153 [?]		S	9/28/1929
72	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry, disturbed pasture.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Derral Herbst	2955	Molokai	PTBG	4/3/1973
73	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Erythrina sandwicensis- Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23445	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/2013
74	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock	3545	Hawaii	US	6/6/1909
75	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener; I. Degener, E. J. P. R. Desha	24202		SFV	8/9/1957
76	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	s. p. perlman & s. montgomery	6345	Lanai	US	8/25/1987
77	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Little Jr., E. L.	31247	Lanai	US	9/17/1976
78	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	j. f. rock	7053	Hawaii	US
79	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Wiebke, H.	3246	Molokai	US	4/19/2028
80	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Judd, C. S.	40	Oahu	US	12/8/2025
81	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C. N.	160.l	Lanai	US	6/13/2020
82	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160.l	Molokai	US
83	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F. R.	illegible	Lanai	US	12/1/1935
84	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	collector unknown	s.n.	Kauai	US	8/8/1905
85	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener & h. wiebke	3246	Hawaii	US	4/19/1928
86	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Collector unknown	s.n.	Hawaii	US	3/19/1905
87	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	9501	Hawaii	US	9/13/2029
88	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. r. herbst & g. spence	5762	Molokai	US	3/11/1976
89	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	D. H. Lorence	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
90	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. r. herbst & g. spence	5786	Oahu	US	3/31/1976
91	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	US	6/21/2006
92	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G.	5786	Lanai	US	3/31/1976
93	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. h. lorence	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
94	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G.	5762	Molokai	US	3/11/1976
95	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	e. l. little jr.	31247	Lanai	US	9/17/1976
96	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Degener, I.; Desha, E. J.	24202	Lanai	US	8/9/1957
97	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pahole	pahole s.n. #6	Hawaii	US	9/15/1997
98	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener, i. degener & e. desha	24202	Oahu	US	8/9/1957
99	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S. P.; Montgomery, S.	6345	Lanai	US	8/25/1987
100	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J. F.	7053	Hawaii	US	4/10/2020
101	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
102	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	illegible	Lanai	US	12/1/1935
103	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Degener, I.; Munro, H.	28558	Lanai	US	8/15/1963
104	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock	3545	Hawaii	US	6/6/2009
105	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C. N.	1 Mo.	Molokai	US	6/12/2020
106	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9421	Hawaii	US	9/28/1929
107	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12548	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
108	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Aa lava flows.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	12/1/1955
109	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	PCMB 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
110	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	dry shaded embankment.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 160.l	Oahu	BISH	6/1/1913
111	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	tsuneyoshi, a.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
112	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/1/1927
113	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Open dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	judd, c.s.	collector number: 40	Oahu	BISH	12/8/1925
114	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
115	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	12	Lanai	BISH	5/28/1927
116	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina- Diospyros lowland dry forest with Alyxia, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Canthium, Aleurites, Nestegis, Schinus, Panicum maximum.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6152	Oahu	BISH	7/10/1987
117	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	5762	Molokai	BISH	3/11/1976
118	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A. McDowell, W.M.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
119	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	takeuchi, w.n.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	4/22/1984
120	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 1.mo	Molokai	BISH	6/1/1912
121	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest w/ Santalum ellipticum. 1 tree, Lantana under tree.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 5088	Lanai	BISH	1/12/1987
122	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lorence, d.h.	collector number: 8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
123	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	2387.M	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
124	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	14020	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1918
125	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. judd	40	Oahu	US	12/8/1925
126	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Takeuchi, W.N.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	4/22/1984
127	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	160.L	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1913
128	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9421		F	9/28/1929
129	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	9501		F	9/13/1929
130	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest with Pouteria, Myrsine, Nothocestrum, Bobea, Canthium, Lantana, Leucaena, Schinus.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5897	Lanai	BISH	5/25/1987
131	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	3547	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
132	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
133	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	12548		F	12/1/1935
134	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	113	Lanai	BISH	9/22/1913
135	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	9421		F	9/28/1929
136	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Mann, H.	348	Lanai	BISH	2/6/1905
137	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12548	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
138	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pearsall, g.a. neal, m.c.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	1/18/1952
139	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	h. mann & w. t. brigham	348		F
140	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D.H.	Collector Number: 8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
141	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In wet grassy disturbed place	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN				NY
142	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	28	Lanai	BISH	4/15/1915
143	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 14020	Oahu	BISH	4/1/1918
144	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f. james, s.a.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	8/24/2002
145	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Tsuneyoshi, A.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
146	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	oppenheimer, h.l.	collector number: h100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
147	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only 2 trees known to us in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	28558	Lanai	BISH	8/15/1963
148	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Inside deer enclosure.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Corn, C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	2/19/1979
149	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Tsuneyoshi, A.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
150	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry land native forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Desha, A.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	5/4/1963
151	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	hansen, h.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/4/1949
152	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	7053	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1910
153	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 7053	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1910
154	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Inside deer enclosure.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	corn, c.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	2/19/1979
155	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Okamoto, F.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
156	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	little jr., e.l.	collector number: 31247	Lanai	BISH	9/17/1976
157	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina- Diospyros lowland dry forest with Alyxia, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Canthium, Aleurites, Nestegis, Schinus, Panicum maximum.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. lau, j.	collector number: 6152	Oahu	BISH	7/10/1987
158	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 28	Lanai	BISH	4/15/1915
159	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Okamoto, F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
160	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	1 tree seen high up on the ridge at foot of pali.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 2387.m	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
161	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only about 4 large trees remaining in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	24202	Lanai	BISH	8/9/1957
162	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12533	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
163	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f.		Oahu	BISH	7/24/2002
164	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry windswept lower forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	St. John, H.	25563	Lanai	BISH	7/3/1955
165	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	moist woods, climbing over trees and bushes	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Kauai	BISH	6/21/2006
166	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	6/10/2002
167	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Shaded moist cliff face.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	degener, o. degener, i.; munro, h.	collector number: 28558	Kauai	BISH	8/15/1963
168	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Waltheria and grasses in gulch.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. pekelo jr., n.	collector number: 2955	Molokai	BISH	4/3/1973
169	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	mann, h. brigham, w.t.	collector number: 348	Lanai	BISH	1864-01-01
170	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	3550	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
171	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 1-mo	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1912
172	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In windswept elfin forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Stone, B.C.	882	Lanai	BISH	7/4/1955
173	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a.	collector number: pcmb 1600	Hawaii	BISH	7/22/2006
174	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Hansen, H.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/4/1949
175	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a. mcdowell, w.m.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
176	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	2/1/1920
177	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	dry rocky ledges	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12541	Oahu	BISH	12/1/1935
178	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	5786	Lanai	BISH	3/31/1976
179	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Waltheria and grasses in gulch.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	2955	Molokai	BISH	4/3/1973
180	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PreservedSpecimen	Rock, J.F.C.	Collector Number: s.n.		BISH Specimen
181	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. spence, g.	collector number: 5762	Molokai	BISH	3/11/1976
182	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PreservedSpecimen	Forbes, C.N.	Collector Number: s.n.		BISH Specimen
183	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 2387.m	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
184	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D.H.	8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
185	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Seaward of NE coast of islet, low rugosity, some sandy patches, very diverse & high algal cover	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	desha, a. au, e.; rogers, m.; williamson, e.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	5/4/1963
186	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a.	collector number: pcmb 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
187	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only about 4 large trees remaining in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	degener, o. degener, i.; desha, e.	collector number: 24202	Lanai	BISH	8/9/1957
188	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/13/1915
189	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1912
190	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	6/10/2002
191	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Badly disturbed dry ridge; in open, grassy area on ocean side of ridge, just below summit.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	st.john, h.	collector number: 11165	Kauai	BISH	11/22/1931
192	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Bushy slope	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	St. John, H.	11165	Oahu	BISH	11/22/1931
193	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	NW aspect, lower, steep rocky slope. Vegetation: Remnant Dry Forest w/ Diospyros, Dodonaea, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	H61603	Lanai	BISH	6/8/2016
194	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
195	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1912
196	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	4/25/1914
197	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 012	Lanai	BISH	5/28/1927
198	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Russ, G.W.	s.n.	Molokai	BISH	12/12/1932
199	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	spaulding iii, p.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	8/8/1981
200	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
201	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	1 tree seen high up on the ridge at foot of pali.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	2387.M	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
202	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Metrosideros forest. As small clumps on limbs of Metrosideros.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	st.john, h.	collector number: 25563	Maui	BISH	7/3/1955
203	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	H100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
204	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest with Pouteria, Myrsine, Nothocestrum, Bobea, Canthium, Lantana, Leucaena, Schinus.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 5897	Lanai	BISH	5/25/1987
205	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	Collector Number: PCMB 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
206	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/13/1915
207	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Rain Forest at the top.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	obata, j.k.	collector number: s.n.	Maui	BISH	10/31/1979
208	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, Guinea grass & Haole koa associates	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. obata, j.	collector number: 5148	Oahu	BISH	1/27/1987
209	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Spaulding III, P.	s.n.	Molokai	BISH	6/3/1905
210	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		MPM	9/13/1929
211	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	12/12/1932
212	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	montgomery, s.l. ruffin, w.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	7/5/1971
213	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Little Jr., E.L.	31247	Lanai	BISH	9/17/1976
214	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	8/24/2002
215	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pekelo jr., n.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	3/20/1972
216	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/25/1914
217	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Open dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Judd, C.S.	40	Oahu	BISH	12/8/1925
218	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Styphelia, Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
219	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lau, j.	collector number: 2070	Oahu	BISH	2/17/1986
220	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, Guinea grass & Haole koa associates	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5148	Oahu	BISH	1/27/1987
221	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 3550	Oahu	BISH	6/6/1909
222	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Aa lava flows.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	12/1/1955
223	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Along stream at bottom of pali separating E and W part of valley.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	stone, b.c.	collector number: 882	Maui	BISH	7/4/1955
224	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	native forest, wet bank	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH
225	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	10/1/1929
226	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 3547	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
227	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Montgomery, S.L.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	7/5/1971
228	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12533	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
229	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Puhielelu ridge, to S of Puu Nene, degraded Erythrina sandwicensis - Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest w/Psydrax odorata, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Planchonella sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Prosopis pallida, Leucaena leucocephala, Lantana camara, Schinus terebinthifoliuis	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	23445	Lanai	BISH	5/15/2013
230	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Styphelia, Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
231	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. spence, g.	collector number: 5786	Lanai	BISH	3/31/1976
232	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 113	Lanai	BISH	9/22/1913
233	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/24/2002
234	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
235	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 160.l	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1913
236	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest w/ Santalum ellipticum. 1 tree, Lantana under tree.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5088	Lanai	BISH	1/12/1987
237	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lorence, d.h.			CM	1/4/2002
238	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	F. R. Fosberg	12548		F	12/1/1935
239	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	F. R. Fosberg	12533		F	12/1/1935
240	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	C. N. Forbes	1		F	6/1/1912
241	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		F	9/13/1929
242	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	12533		F	12/1/1935
243	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	H. Mann & W. T. Brigham	348		F
244	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	3426		F	4/19/1928
245	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	3426		F	4/19/1928
246	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	steven perlman	perlman 14760		MO	4/19/1995
247	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	waimea arboretum	waimea arboretum s.n. #11		MO	9/15/1997
248	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		MO	9/13/1929
249	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Small gulch; dry talus slopes	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1mo.		NY	6/7/1912
250	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160l.		NY	6/7/1913
251	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	28558		NY	8/15/1963
252	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160l.		NY	6/7/1913
253	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	9193	Kauai	PTBG	3/19/2004
254	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	7629	Kauai	PTBG	2/2/1995
255	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	14760	Lanai	PTBG	4/19/1995
256	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Erythrina sandwicensis- Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23446	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/2013
257	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	1-mo	Molokai	BISH	6/1/1912
258	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Eucalyptus in Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	6345	Lanai	PTBG	8/25/1987
259	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	14761	Lanai	PTBG	4/19/1995
260	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	17715	Lanai	PTBG	10/10/2001
261	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1 mo.	Molokai	US
262	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12541	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
263	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5897	Lanai	PTBG	5/25/1987
264	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Diospyros sandwicensis - Nestegis sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23456	Lanai	PTBG	5/16/2013
265	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David Palumbo	18	Lanai	PTBG	9/23/1981
266	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina-Diospyros lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	6152	Oahu	PTBG	7/10/1987
267	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. skottsberg	6106		S	1/29/1948
268	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5088	Lanai	PTBG	1/12/1987
269	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, guinea grass and haole koa pasture.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5148	Oahu	PTBG	1/27/1987
270	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Remnant dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Hank Oppenheimer	H61603	Lanai	PTBG	6/8/2016
271	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Diospyros sandwicensis - Nestegis sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23453	Lanai	PTBG	5/16/2013
272	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener & H. Wiebke	3246		F	4/19/1928
273	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Obata, J.K.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	10/31/1979
274	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	Collector Number: H100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
275	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Russ, G.W.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1927
276	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1		F	6/8/1912
277	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lawn	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	waimea arboretum	waimea arboretum s.n. #12		IND	9/15/1997
278	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener & h. wiebke	3246		F	4/19/1928
279	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	1mo.	Oahu	US	6/7/1912
280	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	h. mann jr.	348		NY
281	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Dustin Wolkis	DMW1132	Kauai	PTBG	12/20/2016
282	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	David H. Lorence	8857	Kauai	PTBG	5/10/2002
283	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	9421	Hawaii	US	9/28/2029
284	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	5896	Lanai	PTBG	5/25/1987
285	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	hillebrand			S
286	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	19396	Lanai	PTBG	12/1/2004
287	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Lowland dry Nestegis-Diospyros forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	K. R. Wood	340	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/1990
288	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D. H.	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
289	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	otto degener	9421		S	9/28/1929
290	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	erik wall	153 [?]		S	9/28/1929
291	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry, disturbed pasture.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Derral Herbst	2955	Molokai	PTBG	4/3/1973
292	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Degraded Erythrina sandwicensis- Diospyros sandwicensis dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Steve Perlman	23445	Lanai	PTBG	5/15/2013
293	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock	3545	Hawaii	US	6/6/1909
294	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener; I. Degener, E. J. P. R. Desha	24202		SFV	8/9/1957
295	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	s. p. perlman & s. montgomery	6345	Lanai	US	8/25/1987
296	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Little Jr., E. L.	31247	Lanai	US	9/17/1976
297	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	j. f. rock	7053	Hawaii	US
298	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Wiebke, H.	3246	Molokai	US	4/19/2028
299	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Judd, C. S.	40	Oahu	US	12/8/2025
300	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C. N.	160.l	Lanai	US	6/13/2020
301	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. n. forbes	160.l	Molokai	US
302	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F. R.	illegible	Lanai	US	12/1/1935
303	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	collector unknown	s.n.	Kauai	US	8/8/1905
304	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener & h. wiebke	3246	Hawaii	US	4/19/1928
305	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Collector unknown	s.n.	Hawaii	US	3/19/1905
306	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	9501	Hawaii	US	9/13/2029
307	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. r. herbst & g. spence	5762	Molokai	US	3/11/1976
308	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	D. H. Lorence	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
309	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. r. herbst & g. spence	5786	Oahu	US	3/31/1976
310	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	US	6/21/2006
311	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G.	5786	Lanai	US	3/31/1976
312	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	d. h. lorence	8857	Kauai	US	5/10/2002
313	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G.	5762	Molokai	US	3/11/1976
314	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	e. l. little jr.	31247	Lanai	US	9/17/1976
315	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Degener, I.; Desha, E. J.	24202	Lanai	US	8/9/1957
316	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pahole	pahole s.n. #6	Hawaii	US	9/15/1997
317	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener, i. degener & e. desha	24202	Oahu	US	8/9/1957
318	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S. P.; Montgomery, S.	6345	Lanai	US	8/25/1987
319	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J. F.	7053	Hawaii	US	4/10/2020
320	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
321	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	illegible	Lanai	US	12/1/1935
322	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.; Degener, I.; Munro, H.	28558	Lanai	US	8/15/1963
323	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock	3545	Hawaii	US	6/6/2009
324	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C. N.	1 Mo.	Molokai	US	6/12/2020
325	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9421	Hawaii	US	9/28/1929
326	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12548	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
327	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Aa lava flows.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	12/1/1955
328	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	PCMB 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
329	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	dry shaded embankment.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 160.l	Oahu	BISH	6/1/1913
330	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	tsuneyoshi, a.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
331	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/1/1927
332	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Open dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	judd, c.s.	collector number: 40	Oahu	BISH	12/8/1925
333	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
334	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	12	Lanai	BISH	5/28/1927
335	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina- Diospyros lowland dry forest with Alyxia, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Canthium, Aleurites, Nestegis, Schinus, Panicum maximum.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6152	Oahu	BISH	7/10/1987
336	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	5762	Molokai	BISH	3/11/1976
337	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A. McDowell, W.M.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
338	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	takeuchi, w.n.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	4/22/1984
339	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 1.mo	Molokai	BISH	6/1/1912
340	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Olopua-lama forest w/ Santalum ellipticum. 1 tree, Lantana under tree.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 5088	Lanai	BISH	1/12/1987
341	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lorence, d.h.	collector number: 8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
342	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	2387.M	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
343	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	14020	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1918
344	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	c. judd	40	Oahu	US	12/8/1925
345	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Takeuchi, W.N.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	4/22/1984
346	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	160.L	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1913
347	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9421		F	9/28/1929
348	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	9501		F	9/13/1929
349	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest with Pouteria, Myrsine, Nothocestrum, Bobea, Canthium, Lantana, Leucaena, Schinus.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	5897	Lanai	BISH	5/25/1987
350	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	3547	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
351	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
352	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	f. r. fosberg	12548		F	12/1/1935
353	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	113	Lanai	BISH	9/22/1913
354	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	O. Degener	9421		F	9/28/1929
355	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Mann, H.	348	Lanai	BISH	2/6/1905
356	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12548	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
357	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pearsall, g.a. neal, m.c.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	1/18/1952
358	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	h. mann & w. t. brigham	348		F
359	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D.H.	Collector Number: 8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
360	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In wet grassy disturbed place	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN				NY
361	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	28	Lanai	BISH	4/15/1915
362	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 14020	Oahu	BISH	4/1/1918
363	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f. james, s.a.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	8/24/2002
364	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Tsuneyoshi, A.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
365	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	oppenheimer, h.l.	collector number: h100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
366	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only 2 trees known to us in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	28558	Lanai	BISH	8/15/1963
367	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Inside deer enclosure.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Corn, C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	2/19/1979
368	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated garden; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Tsuneyoshi, A.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
369	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry land native forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Desha, A.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	5/4/1963
370	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	hansen, h.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/4/1949
371	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	7053	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1910
372	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: 7053	Molokai	BISH	4/1/1910
373	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Inside deer enclosure.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	corn, c.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	2/19/1979
374	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Okamoto, F.	Collector Number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
375	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	little jr., e.l.	collector number: 31247	Lanai	BISH	9/17/1976
376	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Erythrina- Diospyros lowland dry forest with Alyxia, Pleomele, Dodonaea, Canthium, Aleurites, Nestegis, Schinus, Panicum maximum.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. lau, j.	collector number: 6152	Oahu	BISH	7/10/1987
377	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 28	Lanai	BISH	4/15/1915
378	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Okamoto, F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
379	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	1 tree seen high up on the ridge at foot of pali.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 2387.m	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
380	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only about 4 large trees remaining in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Degener, O.	24202	Lanai	BISH	8/9/1957
381	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Xerophytic forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Fosberg, F.R.	12533	Lanai	BISH	12/1/1935
382	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f.		Oahu	BISH	7/24/2002
383	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry windswept lower forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	St. John, H.	25563	Lanai	BISH	7/3/1955
384	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	moist woods, climbing over trees and bushes	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Kauai	BISH	6/21/2006
385	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	6/10/2002
386	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Shaded moist cliff face.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	degener, o. degener, i.; munro, h.	collector number: 28558	Kauai	BISH	8/15/1963
387	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Waltheria and grasses in gulch.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. pekelo jr., n.	collector number: 2955	Molokai	BISH	4/3/1973
388	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	mann, h. brigham, w.t.	collector number: 348	Lanai	BISH	1864-01-01
389	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	On lava beds in company with Nototrichium.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Rock, J.F.C.	3550	Hawaii	BISH	6/6/1909
390	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 1-mo	Lanai	BISH	6/1/1912
391	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In windswept elfin forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Stone, B.C.	882	Lanai	BISH	7/4/1955
392	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a.	collector number: pcmb 1600	Hawaii	BISH	7/22/2006
393	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Hansen, H.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	7/4/1949
394	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a. mcdowell, w.m.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	9/18/2002
395	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	rock, j.f.c.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	2/1/1920
396	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	dry rocky ledges	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	fosberg, f.r.	collector number: 12541	Oahu	BISH	12/1/1935
397	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	5786	Lanai	BISH	3/31/1976
398	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Waltheria and grasses in gulch.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Herbst, D.R.	2955	Molokai	BISH	4/3/1973
399	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PreservedSpecimen	Rock, J.F.C.	Collector Number: s.n.		BISH Specimen
400	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	herbst, d.r. spence, g.	collector number: 5762	Molokai	BISH	3/11/1976
401	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PreservedSpecimen	Forbes, C.N.	Collector Number: s.n.		BISH Specimen
402	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: 2387.m	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
403	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Lorence, D.H.	8857	Kauai	BISH	5/10/2002
404	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Seaward of NE coast of islet, low rugosity, some sandy patches, very diverse & high algal cover	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	desha, a. au, e.; rogers, m.; williamson, e.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	5/4/1963
405	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	james, s.a.	collector number: pcmb 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
406	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Only about 4 large trees remaining in entire dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	degener, o. degener, i.; desha, e.	collector number: 24202	Lanai	BISH	8/9/1957
407	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/13/1915
408	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	forbes, c.n.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1912
409	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	puttock, c.f.	collector number: s.n.	Lanai	BISH	6/10/2002
410	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Badly disturbed dry ridge; in open, grassy area on ocean side of ridge, just below summit.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	st.john, h.	collector number: 11165	Kauai	BISH	11/22/1931
411	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Bushy slope	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	St. John, H.	11165	Oahu	BISH	11/22/1931
412	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	NW aspect, lower, steep rocky slope. Vegetation: Remnant Dry Forest w/ Diospyros, Dodonaea, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	H61603	Lanai	BISH	6/8/2016
413	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated; full sun.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	okamoto, f.	collector number: s.n.	Oahu	BISH	6/21/2006
414	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	6/1/1912
415	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	4/25/1914
416	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	munro, g.c.	collector number: 012	Lanai	BISH	5/28/1927
417	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Russ, G.W.	s.n.	Molokai	BISH	12/12/1932
418	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	spaulding iii, p.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	8/8/1981
419	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Lantana, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Wikstroemia.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Perlman, S.	6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
420	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	1 tree seen high up on the ridge at foot of pali.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Forbes, C.N.	2387.M	Maui	BISH	5/16/1920
421	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Metrosideros forest. As small clumps on limbs of Metrosideros.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	st.john, h.	collector number: 25563	Maui	BISH	7/3/1955
422	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Vegetation: Diospyros, Nestegis, Psydrax, Schinus, Lantana.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Oppenheimer, H.L.	H100627	Lanai	BISH	10/19/2006
423	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest with Pouteria, Myrsine, Nothocestrum, Bobea, Canthium, Lantana, Leucaena, Schinus.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 5897	Lanai	BISH	5/25/1987
424	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Cultivated dryland forest; full sun; adjacent to koa haole and monkeypod.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	James, S.A.	Collector Number: PCMB 1600	Oahu	BISH	7/22/2006
425	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/13/1915
426	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Rain Forest at the top.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	obata, j.k.	collector number: s.n.	Maui	BISH	10/31/1979
427	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Area grazed by cattle, Guinea grass & Haole koa associates	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. obata, j.	collector number: 5148	Oahu	BISH	1/27/1987
428	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Spaulding III, P.	s.n.	Molokai	BISH	6/3/1905
429	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	o. degener	9501		MPM	9/13/1929
430	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	russ, g.w.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	12/12/1932
431	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	montgomery, s.l. ruffin, w.	collector number: s.n.	Hawaii	BISH	7/5/1971
432	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Dry forest.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Little Jr., E.L.	31247	Lanai	BISH	9/17/1976
433	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Puttock, C.F.	s.n.	Oahu	BISH	8/24/2002
434	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	pekelo jr., n.	collector number: s.n.	Molokai	BISH	3/20/1972
435	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Munro, G.C.	s.n.	Lanai	BISH	4/25/1914
436	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Open dry forest	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	Judd, C.S.	40	Oahu	BISH	12/8/1925
437	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information	Nestegis lowland dry forest with Styphelia, Nesoluma, Myoporum, Bobea, Pleomele, Rauvolfia, Melicope.	PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	perlman, s.p. montgomery, s.	collector number: 6345	Lanai	BISH	8/25/1987
438	Gardenia brighamii	Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information		PRESERVED_SPECIMEN	lau, j.	collector number: 2070	Oahu	BISH	2/17/1986

Gardenia brighamii

H.Mann (1867)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Gardenia

gardenia, nā‘ū [nau], nānū [nanu]

Description

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

Natural History

Statewide Status

Island Status

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Conservation Status

Bibliography

Occurrences

Gardenia brighamii

H.Mann (1867)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Gardenia

gardenia, nā‘ū [nau], nānū [nanu]

Description

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

Natural History

Statewide Status

Island Status

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Conservation Status

Bibliography

Occurrences

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

Added By Author on 9/16/19 Photo Source

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