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Sicyos lasiocephalus

Skottsb. (1936)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Cucurbitales Family: Cucurbitaceae Genus: Sicyos

‘ānunu [anunu]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Climbing annual herbs.

Stems: Stems up to several m long, sparsely to densely pilose with multicellular hairs, glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades suborbicular or broadly cordate with a narrow basal sinus, 3.5–9 cm long, 4–10 cm wide, 5–angled to shallowly or deeply 5–7–lobed. Apex obtuse or subacute, mucronate. Upper surfaces sparsely hispid with white hairs; lower surfaces densely so. Margins lobed, lobes denticulate or entire. Petioles 1–3 cm long. Stipules absent; tendrils in the stipular position 2–3–branched.

Flowers: Staminate panicles 3–5 cm long, hirsute with pale multicellular hairs, peduncles 1–1.5 cm long, pedicels 1–2 mm long; pistillate flowers 30–50 in a dense head ca. 1 cm in diameter, sessile on peduncles 0.5–0.8 cm long. Flowers usually unisexual (and the plants monoecious or dioecious), actinomorphic. Calyx of 5 sepals, inserted on hypanthium. Corolla of staminate flowers greenish yellow, (4)5-lobed, ca. 2 mm in diameter, petals inserted on hypanthium alternate with calyx lobes, usually connate at base, the limb often rotate; Corolla of pistillate flowers 3(4)-lobed, perianth usually smaller than in staminate flowers. Stamens in staminate flowers (2)3(–5), inserted at base of hypanthium; filaments connate into a column; anthers curved or flexuous, coherent and twisted in a head, opening by longitudinal slits; pistillate flowers: staminodes absent. Ovary inferior, of a single carpel or 3-carpellate with carpels connate into a single 3-lobed cell; ovule 1, placentation parietal; stigma 3-lobed.

Fruit: Fruit pale or dark brown; ellipsoid; 5–7 mm long; 1.8–2 mm in diameter; obscurely ribbed and densely villous with long multicellular hairs toward apex; the infructescence appearing woolly; short–beaked. Seeds 1 per fruit; ovate; endosperm absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Usually in sparse Metrosideros woodland; often in open areas.

Elevation Range: 600–800 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Acta Horti Gothob. 10: 184 (1935 publ. 1936)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:577 (H); Herbst 1998:2 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Sicyos lasiocephalus N. Kona, between Lind's and road to Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1947 Hawaii BISH 1926-09-26
2 Sicyos lasiocephalus Tr. 53, near S-53 and Judd Trail, USFWS Bird Survey Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2086 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
3 Sicyos lasiocephalus Kalamaula Pasture Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 491 Molokai BISH 1979-04-18
4 Sicyos lasiocephalus 2 mi from Kona Preserved_Specimen Hawaii BISH 1986-08-18
5 Sicyos lasiocephalus USFWS Forest Bird Survey Transect 43, Sta. 50 Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1888 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-26
6 Sicyos lasiocephalus S Kohala, 27 km from Waimea to Kailua NW aspect, rocky, aa basalt; with Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen stems trailing 1.5 m Telford, I.R.H. 10283 Hawaii BISH 1986-06-10
7 Sicyos lasiocephalus Kalamaula Pasture along Forestry road Festooning Kiawe trees in the pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 490 Molokai BISH 1979-04-18
8 Sicyos lasiocephalus N Kona, Keauhou, between Mauna Loa and Hualalai, N of Puu Keanui and Puu Pohakuloa with koa, mamane, exotic grass, native shrub, liana Preserved_Specimen terrestrial; small leaf Jacobi, J.D. 1195 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
9 Sicyos lasiocephalus Site 0.75 km SE of Observation Tower in MPRC Topography: W-facing slope. Microsite: at mouth of lava tube. Associates: Styphelia, Dodonaea, Myoporum, Eragrostis spp. Preserved_Specimen Douglas, P. 16 Hawaii BISH 1992-11-13
10 Sicyos lasiocephalus Hamakua, Kipuka Kalawamauna, Pohakuloa on aa lava; with Pennisetum setaceum, Lipochaeta venosa, Myrsine lanaiensis, Sida, Asplenium Preserved_Specimen vine Gustafson, R. 1703 Hawaii BISH 1980-05-21
11 Sicyos lasiocephalus Waimea, Waiakamali Gulch, Koaia, N Kohala on Rauvolfia Preserved_Specimen climbing vine Nagata, K.M. 1754 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-28
12 Sicyos lasiocephalus Waimea, Waiakamali Gulch, Koaia, N Kohala on Rauvolfia Preserved_Specimen climbing vine Nagata, K.M. 1754 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-28
13 Sicyos lasiocephalus Pohakuloa Training Area Rooted in collapsed lava bubble, pahoehoe. Climbing on Sida, Pennisetum setaceum, and growing with Lepidium, Bidens pilosa, Verbena litoralis. Area burned within the last 3 years. Preserved_Specimen Vine, covers area 7' x 10'. Flowers light green, fruit green with white pubescence. Davis, J. 294 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-07
14 Sicyos lasiocephalus Waimea, Waiakamali Gulch, Koaia, N Kohala on Rauvolfia Preserved_Specimen climbing vine Nagata, K.M. 1754 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-28
15 Sicyos lasiocephalus N Kona, Keauhou, between Mauna Loa and Hualalai, N of Puu Keanui and Puu Pohakuloa with koa, mamane, exotic grass, native shrub, liana; on pahoehoe Preserved_Specimen terrestrial, large leaf Jacobi, J.D. 1194 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
16 Sicyos lasiocephalus Kaupulehu, Puuwaawaa area off old Kiholo road, drive toward Puuwaawaa Metrosideros-Diospyros sandwicensis-Erythrina sandwicensis forest. w/ Colubrina oppositifolia, Caesalpinia hawaiiensis, Santalum paniculatum, Nototrichium, Chenopodium, Sophora chrysophylla, Pleomele hawaiiensis, Myrsine. Preserved_Specimen Vine. Fruit pubescent w/ white hairs. short peduncles. Leaf w few hairs above, many below. Leaf sinus narrow. Veins raised on lower leaf surface. Tendrils turning both directions. Stem ribbed, light green Tangalin, N. 790 Hawaii BISH 2006-06-06
17 Sicyos lasiocephalus Tr. 49, Sta. 44 Small shrub, growing in midst of larger Styphelia. Preserved_Specimen Small shrub 40 cm. tall. Warshauer, F.R. 2083 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-09
18 Sicyos lasiocephalus N Kona, Kaupulehu Preserve, at mile 28 along Hawaii Belt rd. ~10 mi E of Kailua-Kona dry forest over aa lava flow, with Diospyros sandwicensis, Santalum paniculatum, Sophora chrysophila, and Colubrina Preserved_Specimen vine, stems herbaceous, sprawling over lava and herbs. Male flowers white. Fruit pale green, pubescent. Lorence, D.H. 7771 Hawaii BISH 1996-04-26
19 Sicyos lasiocephalus Hamakua, Kipuka Kalawamauna, Pohakuloa on aa lava; with Pennisetum setaceum, Lipochaeta venosa, Myrsine lanaiensis, Sida, Asplenium Preserved_Specimen vine Gustafson, R. 1703 Hawaii BISH 1980-05-21
20 Sicyos lasiocephalus Puuwaawaa, 1986 and 1988 burn area, middle interval of transect T18 In former dryland forest of Diospyros. On sunny `a`a clinker. Growing on Lantana. Preserved_Specimen Vine. Takeuchi, W.N. 4529 Hawaii BISH 1989-05-03
21 Sicyos lasiocephalus N Kona, 38 km from Waimea , towards Kailua NW aspect, rocky, aa basalt; with Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen vine, trailing and climbing, stems to 2.5 m Telford, I.R.H. 10282 Hawaii BISH 1986-06-10
22 Sicyos lasiocephalus Pohakuloa Training Area Rooted in collapsed lava bubble, pahoehoe. Climbing on Sida, Pennisetum setaceum, and growing with Lepidium, Bidens pilosa, Verbena litoralis. Area burned over within last 3 years. Preserved_Specimen Covers area 7' x 10'. Flowers light green, fruit green with white pubescence. Davis, J. 294 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-07
23 Sicyos lasiocephalus Puuwaawaa, N Kona, Belt Rd. lama forest Preserved_Specimen vine Montgomery, S.L. Hawaii BISH 1987-06-19
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